Universe and Unknown Dimensions.

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Jab universe ko jannne ki koshish me mai pichle 5-6 mahino se internet aur kuch kitabo ko khangaal raha tha, tab mujhe kuch ehsaas hua ki pehle ise duri ke chasme se dekhna hoga. 

HOW FAR OUR UNIVERSE IS?

Pata nahi! Shayad hamare paas napne ke liye paimane na bache. Hubble Telescope ne kai jankariya di hai hume laga jaise sara universe hi explore kar liya, par jab maine 15 din lagatar hubble ke dwara jutayi gayi jankariyo ko puri tarah se samajhne ke baad kuch natije par pahuch aya tha ki tabhi ye pata chala ki maine to kuch hi Arcsec ke angle me space ka adhyayan kiya hai. 
Hubble telescope ko 10 dino tak ek hi disha me ya kahe ek hi angle me focus kiya gaya vo angle kuch aise tha-
Maan le ek analog watch(Diwal Ghadi) pura universe hai aur uske ek second ke bich ke angle ya kon ko target kiya gaya tha, ye mera anuman bas samjhane ke liye tha asaliyat me to ye paimana usse bhi kam hai. Hum jo kuch solar system aur galaxies(akash ganga) ke bare me jante hai bas usi angle me hai. Universe to bas ye kahe ki is dimension me(3D) iska maapan kar pana bahut hi mushkil hai.

Hubble Ultra Deep field Area.

Fir bhi mai ise samjhane ki koshish karunga jaha tak hamara science samajh paya hai. Iske liye aapko in pramukh binduo ko samajhna bahut avashyak hai.

Cluster- Kai Taaro ka samuh 
Super Cluster- Kai Galaxies ka samuh
Galaxies- Kai Clusters ka samuh
Solar System- Kai Graho ke samuh 

Ab apni yatra shuru karte hai, sabse pehle maan lijiye ek ped hai jiski kai tehniya hai agar aap Christmas tree ko sochenge to sahi tarike se samajh payenge. Vo ped kai chote chote dots se bana hai. Us ped ki ek picture lijiye aur picture ki resolution kam se kam 1 billion mega pixel honi chahiye. Ab uske tasvir ki ek pixel aur ek super cluster dono barabar hai fir us pixel yani super cluster ko mega level pe zoom kare to hame lakho ya karono galaxies dikh jayengi phir kisi galaxy pe focus karte hai, chaliye apni galaxy jisme humara solar system hai use hi lete hai Milkyway galaxy. Maxamize karne par hume lakho clusters milenge joki center me ek super giant blackhole jise Galactic core bhi kehte he ki dhimi gati se chakkar laga rahe hai aur usiki gravity me bandhe hue hai. 



Ab is galaxy ke mukhya do arms yani bhujaye hai bake sari sub- arms yani in do bhujao ke bich ka hissa hai. Hairat ki baat ye hai ki humara solar system ek sub arm me hai na ki main arms me. Jise hum Orion Spur kehte hai, is chote se arm me lakho clusters hai aur unme se ek cluster humara local cluster hai jinme tarah tarah ke nebula(stars ke explosion se bana gas ka bada baadal) aur hazaro ki sankhya me solar systems hai.

Nebula

Ab unme hamara solar system hai, yaha ye janna dilchasp hoga ki is local cluster me ek star se dusre star ki duri kitni hai. Iske liye hume space me maap ke kuch paimano ko jaan lena avashyak hoga-

1 Light Year=Approximately 10 trillion km (a light-year is the distance that light travels in vacuum in one Julian year).

1 AU(Astronomical Unit)=149 597 871 km (Distance from Sun to earth)

1 Parsec=3.26 light years or 31 trillion km (A parsec is the distance from the Sun to an astronomical object which has a parallax angle of one arcsecond).

Ab shuru karte hai apne hi solar system yani saur manadal ki yatra, hum sabhi jante hai saur mandal me 8 planet yani ki 8 grah hai par hum ye nahi jante ki dwarf planets yani ki jinhe graho ki shreni(class) me nahi rakha ja sakta aise bhi planets bahut hai. Udahran ke taur par pluto(Yum Grah) ko dekh lete hai surya ke chakkar vo bhi lagata hai duri itni ki New Horizon naam ka ab tak ka sabse tez space probe jiski speed 58,536 km/h thi aur use 19 january 2006 me earth se bheja gaya tha vo ab jakar 14 june 2015 me pluto ke paas se gujra hai. 

New Horizons fly by of Pluto

Pluto ko planet is liye ni maan sakte kyuki ye bahut hi chota hai humare chandrama se bhi. Pluto ko Kuiper belt object bhi kehte hai kyuki iske jaise aur bhi dworf planet aur asteroid maujud hai humara saur mandal lagbhag 50 AU ke axis yani vyas me kuiper cliff tak hai par ise bhi akhiri chor nahi mana gaya hai. Yaha ye bhi bata dena dilchasp hoga ki sun se earth ki duri 1 AU ke barabar hai agar aap pluto se suraj ko dekhenge to vo aisa dikhayi dega jaise ki 10 sunglasses ek sath lagane pe humare earth se sun dikhayi de.

Kuiper Belt

1977 me Voyager 1 aur Voyager 2 space probes ko apne solar system se bahar bhejne ke liye earth se bheja gaya karib 35 saalo baad ek probe intersteller space yani solar system se bahar pahuchne me kamyaab raha ye hua 2012 me. Is yatra me usne hume ek mahatvapurna jankari di vo thi Heliosphere ke bare me joki Kuiper Belt jise hum solar system ka akhiri chor samajhte the usse bhi kai AU ki duri par hai ye sphere bahari antariksh se humare solar system ko bachata hai aur ek bubble ki tarah vyavhaar karta hai. Voyager jab Neptune yani ki varun grah ko paar kar raha tha to vaha se usne prithvi ki ek tasvir li jisme ye mahan dharti bas ek chota sa dot bhar hi thi.

A picture taken by Voyager1 from 6 trillion km away.

Ab hum aapko batate hai sabse najdiki tare ke bare me yani apne sun se kisi dusre sun ki duri. Sabse nazdiki tara ya solar system hai Alpha Centauri jiski duri karib 4.4 Light Years earth se hai. Yani agar hum light ki speed jo ki 300000 km/s hai se jaye to bhi 4 saal se upar ka vaqt gujar chuka hoga. Ye solar system asal me tripple solar system hai jisme teen sun hai jo ek dusre ke chakkar lagate hai. Ji ha humara sun single solar system hai, par ek se jyada sun vale solar system bhi hai.

Alpha Centauri's three suns.

Aasmaan me jo tare hum apni akho se dekh pate he unme se jyadatar humare local cluster ka hissa hai, to anuman lagaiye ki asal me ye Milky Way kitna bada hoga. Hum to abhi tak is milky way ke adhe hisse ko hi explore kar paye hai galactic core yani is milky way ke us paar kya hai ye hume mushkil hi pata hai. 
Milky way galaxy ki hi tarah karono galaxies milkar ek super cluster banati hai. 
Ab inhe kaise naapa jaye ye ek badi chunauti hai.



Universe is the object of Other Dimension

Mere avlokan ke hisaab se is universe ya bramhaand ko is dimension yani parimap me dekhna galat hoga humari duniya ek 3rd dimension ki duniya hai jaha keval lambai,chaudai aur uchai ko hi maapa ja sakta hai. Par space me aisa nahi hai aur use samajhne ke liye 3D se upar yani ki Unknown Dimensions ko smajhna hoga. Misaal ke taur par theories me wormholes ki baat ko space me sambhav mana gaya hai yaha tak ki hum blackholes ke bicho bich me pahuchne par bhi spaghitification ki baat karte hai jaha kisi unknown dimension me hum kuch der ke liye jhaank sakte hai. Agar wormholes ki hi baat kare to iski madad se hum universe ke ek chor se dusre chor pe pahuch sakte hai. Ye vaise hi hai jaise kisi ne kagaj ke ek panne ke chor ko dusre chor se panne ko mod kar mila diya ho. Agar aisa hai to 3rd dimension me ye wormholes possible nahi hai. 

Wormhole Model

Humne upar pure universe ko samjhne ki koshish ki par ek kadvi sacchai aur bhi hai ki ye jo hum arbo tare aur akash gangaon(galaxies) ki bate kar rahe the in sabhi ko agar mila bhi de to ye universe ka keval 5% hi hai baki universe to khali hai isi liye ise space kehte hai aur kariban 24% hissa aise padarth yani matter se bhara hua hai jise hum dekh nahi sakte qki isme koi light nahi hai par mass hai, ise kehte hai Dark Matter. Bahut kuch hai space me explore karne ko isiliye Einstien ne kaha tha ki universe ek andhere kamre ki tarah hai ek chote se hisse me ujala hota hai to hume ehsaas hota hai ki abhi to bahut sare hisse se andhkar mitana baki hai.